Emilie de Breteuil, Marquise du Chatelet (1706-1749) live was surprising in many ways. Born into 18th century French nobility, her name has been linked with the work of Leibniz, Newton, Maupertuis, Koenig, and Voltaire. Emilie lived but 43 years. Looking back, one of the most notable features of her extraordinary life was how natural it seemed for her. Caroline Herschel (1750 - 1848) worked closely together with her brother Sir William Herschel throughout their careers as astronomers. Caroline discovered several comets, one of which, the 35P/Herschel-Rigollet, is named after her. She was the first woman scientist to be recognized by the United Kingdom. Mary Dixon Kies (1752 – 1837) was an early 19th-century American who received the first patent granted to a woman by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, on May 5, 1809. Kies had invented a new technique for weaving straw with silk or thread, and First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for bo
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